Suchergebnisse

Public opinion leaders and activists characterized the Egyptian "Arab Spring" of January 2011 as a "Facebook Revolution". They highlight the intrinsic power of social media as an influencing factor for social change. Undeniably, social media played important roles in that revolution process. However, these roles cannot be disconnected from the socio-political contexts. This paper discusses the use of social media, particularly of Facebook, by the April 6th Youth Movement (A6YM), a decisive actor of the Egyptian protests. It is based on the analysis of two Egyptian newspapers and one American newspaper, between 2008 and 2011. We propose that a) social media provided alternative mechanisms for political expression and organization, b) social media contributed to the genesis and consolidation of the A6YM and to the establishment of youth political identities, and c) the combination of "bits and streets" amplified not just the movement's mobilization but the degree of opposition experienced by the Egyptian regime.

The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) can contribute to community development. Public access venues such as telecentres, public libraries and cybercafés make ICT more broadly available, extending the benefits of ICT to underserved sectors of the population. Development is seen as a process of empowerment of marginalized communities to transform their immediate reality and improve their quality of life. This paper presents a case study of public access venues in the small municipality of Carmen de Bolívar, a small town in Northern Colombia. This municipality has a strong tradition of community organization for social development, and a long history of violence that have shaped its social fabric. The case study assesses the contribution of public access to ICT for community development, capitalizing on the region's experience with community organization. This study found that the introduction of public access to ICT may not have contributed significantly to community development. Venues that provide public Internet access are mostly used for personal social networking (e.g., Facebook) and to access pornography. To a much smaller degree, public access ICT is also used for homework by schoolchildren and for online banking and government transactions by adults. The absence of community development activities is especially surprising given the relative strength of the community organizations that have worked on communication activities in this region during the last decade. This vacuum may be a consequence of the violence suffered by the inhabitants of the region in its recent history, or of the preference for private access to computers and Internet at home or at work for community development purposes. We conclude that public access to ICT alone does not necessarily contribute to community development, especially if the political environment is not conducive or if there are no strong social organizations in the community.

Historia(s), relatos y memorias. Miradas desde lo local, recoge diferentes investigaciones cuyas temáticas, si bien están basadas en procesos organizativos, comunitarios, étnicos y de cierta tradición historiográfica, logran vincularse a través de la revisión e innovación de perspectivas que tienen como punto de partida referentes conceptuales y metodologías aportadas por el campo de estudios de memoria. Memorias, en plural, mediadas por la reconstrucción y recreación de experiencias pretéritas e identitarias, que recurren al cuerpo, la imagen, la lengua, la tecnología y lo documental como expresiones de la configuración y visibilidad de pasados que se muestran en continua disputa. Se trata de un grupo de memorias ejemplares, como las definidas por Todorov, que no se limitan a reconstruir el pasado, sino que apuntan a aprehender de sus lecciones para el presente y el futuro [Freddy A. Guerrero]. ; CONTENIDO: A manera de introducción: memorias desde lo local, Freddy A. Guerrero --Negaciones implausibles: Chiquita Brands y la violencia antisindical en el Urabá colombiano, Juan Gabriel Gómez Albarello -- Odio y venganza en la guerra civil colombiana. Patrones en los asesinatos a excombatientes de las FARC, Gloria María Gallego García -- La memoria y las facultades de la imaginación: usos del pasado y producción del futuro en el norte del Cauca, Enrique Jaramillo Buenaventura -- Infraestructura para el naciente capitalismo local. Relaciones entre élites políticas y económicas, Cali 1910-1940, Guido Germán Hurtado Vera -- Cuerpo y memoria en el proceso histórico Kuankuamo, Daniel Mateus Arciniegas – "Una machete": mapas parlantes, luchas indígenas, historias y memorias emblemáticas, Jaime Eduardo Londoño Motta -- Fotohistorias: método para investigar memorias con fotografía participativa, Ricardo Gómez -- Migraciones, comunicación y tecnologías. Historias desde el Pacífico Colombiano, Luis Fernando Barón ; Incluye referencias bibliográficas.